Antibiotic susceptibility profile of Aeromonas species isolated from wastewater treatment plant.

2012

Igbinosa IH, Okoh AI.

Source

Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa.

Abstract

This study assessed the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas species isolated from Alice and Fort Beaufort wastewater treatment plant in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the disc diffusion method, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was employed for the detection of antibioticsresistance genes. Variable susceptibilities were observed against ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, minocycline, among others. Aeromonas isolates from both locations were 100% resistant to penicillin, oxacillin, ampicillin, and vancomycin. Higher phenotypic resistance was observed in isolates from Fort Beaufort compared to isolates from Alice. Class A pse1 β-lactamase was detected in 20.8% of the isolates with a lower detection rate of 8.3% for bla(TEM) gene. Class 1 integron was present in 20.8% of Aeromonas isolates while class 2 integron and TetC gene were not detected in any isolate. The antibiotic resistance phenotypes observed in the isolates and the presence of β-lactamases genes detected in some isolates are of clinical and public health concern as this has consequences for antimicrobial chemotherapy of infections associated with Aeromonas species. This study further supports wastewater as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment.

Scientific World Journal

Gentamicin-loaded bioresorbable films for prevention of bacterial infections associated with orthopedic implants.

Gentamicin-loaded bioresorbable films for prevention of bacterial infections associated with orthopedic implants.
J Biomed Mater Res A. 2007 Mar 5

Aviv M,
Berdicevsky I,
Zilberman M.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel.

Adhesion of bacteria to biomaterials and the ability of many microorganisms to form biofilms on foreign bodies are well-established as major contributors to the pathogenesis of implant-associated infections. Treatment of bone infection remains problematic, due to the difficulty of systemically administered antibiotics to locally penetrate bone. The current research addresses this issue by focusing on the development and study of novel gentamicin-loaded bioresorbable films designed to serve as "coatings" for fracture fixation devices and prevent implant-associated infections.

Poly(L-lactic acid) and poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) films containing gentamicin were developed through solution processing. The effects of polymer type, drug content, and processing conditions on the drug release profile were studied with respect to film morphology. The examined films generally exhibited a burst effect followed by a moderate approximately constant rate of release. The drug contents in the surrounding medium exceeded the required minimal effective concentration.

Various gentamicin concentrations that were released from the films with time exhibited efficacy against bacterial species known to be involved in orthopedic infections. The developed systems can be applied on the surface of any metallic or polymeric fracture fixation device, and may therefore comprise a significant contribution to the field of orthopedic implants.

Keywords:
bioresorbable films • poly(lactic acid) • poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) • gentamicin • controlled drug delivery

2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2007.