Research article
Heinz J. Schaad , Manuela Bento , Daniel P. Lew and Pierre Vaudaux BMC Infectious Diseases 2006, 6:74 doi:10.1186/1471-2334-6-74
Published 11 April 2006
Abstract (provisional)
Background
Daptomycin is a novel cyclic lipopeptide whose bactericidal activity is not affected by current antibiotic resistance mechanisms displayed by S. aureus clinical isolates. This study reports the therapeutic activity of high-dose daptomycin compared to standard regimens of oxacillin and vancomycin in a difficult-to-treat, rat tissue cage model of experimental therapy of chronic S. aureus foreign body infection.
Methods
The methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strain I20 is a clinical isolate from catheter-related sepsis. MICs, MBCs, and time-kill curves of each antibiotic were evaluated as recommended by CLSI, including supplementation with physiological levels (50 mg/L) of Ca2+ for daptomycin. Two weeks after local infection of subcutaneously implanted tissue cages with MSSA I20, each animal received (i.p.) twice-daily doses of daptomycin, oxacillin, or vancomycin for 7 days, or was left untreated. The reductions of CFU counts in each treatment group were analysed by ANOVA and Newman-Keuls multiple comparisons procedures.
Results
The MICs and MBCs of daptomycin, oxacillin, or vancomycin for MSSA strain I20 were 0.5 and 1, 0.5 and 1, or 1 and 2 mg/L, respectively. In vitro elimination of strain I20 was more rapid with 8 mg/L of daptomycin compared to oxacillin or vancomycin. Twice-daily administered daptomycin (30 mg/kg), oxacillin (200 mg/kg), or vancomycin (50 mg/kg vancomycin) yielded bactericidal antibiotic levels in infected cage fluids throughout therapy. Before therapy, mean (+/- SEM) viable counts of strain I20 were 6.68 +/- 0.10 log10 CFU/mL of cage fluid (n = 74). After 7 days of therapy, the mean (+/- SEM) reduction in viable counts of MSSA I20 was 2.62 (+/- 0.30) log10 CFU/mL in cages (n = 18) of daptomycin-treated rats, exceeding by >2-fold (P<0.01) n =" 19)" n =" 18)" n =" 19)">
Conclusions
The improved efficacy of the twice-daily regimen of daptomycin (30 mg/kg) compared to oxacillin (200 mg/kg) or vancomycin (50 mg/kg) may result from optimisation of its pharmacokinetic and bactericidal properties in infected cage fluids.
Full Length Article - BMC Infectious Diseases